| （你不可因為下雨而停工。） |
| |
| |
| 2. since 既然 |
| since 有兩個意思，一是「自從」，是時間副詞子句，一是「既然」，表示原因。 |
| ‧Since you are sick, you can stay home. |
| （既然你病了，你可以留在家裡。） |
| 請注意以下的區分： |
| since 子句敘述說話者與聽話者共知的理由，常放在句首；because 子句敘述聽話者 |
| 未知的理由，常放在句尾。請比較以下兩句： |
| ‧I need a rest because I don't feel well. |
| （需要休息，因為我覺得不舒服。） |
| ‧Since you don't feel well, you may take a rest. |
| （既然你覺得不舒服，你可以休息。） |
| |
| 3. as 因為……所以…… |
| ‧As she is the only child in the family, she enjoys the full measure of love |
| and concern from her parents. |
| （因為她是獨生女，所以她享有父母完全的關愛。） |
| |
| 再提醒一下，此地不可寫成 as...so...，不過，你可以這樣寫： |
| ‧She is the only child in the family, so she enjoys the full measure of love |
| and concern from her parents. |
| |
| 4. now that ( = since; as) 既然 |
| ‧Now that you are a big boy, you must behave better. |
| （既然你已是個大孩子了，你得多注意自己的行為舉止。） |
| |
| 5. in that ( = because) 因為 |
| 這是較文言的說法，常出現在正式的句子裡。 |
| ‧You must apologize, in that you have made groundless accusations against him. |
| （你得道歉，因為你對他做了不實的指控。） |
| 以上表示「原因、理由」的副詞子句常可以化簡為分詞片語，如下例。 |
| ‧As there was nothing to do, we went home. |
| → There being nothing to do, we went home. |
| ‧Since the weather was fine, we went out for a walk. |
| → The weather being fine, we went out for a walk. |
| |
| 表示「目的」的副詞子句 |
| 1. that / so that / in order that 為了；以便 |
| ‧Could you squeeze in so that we can take one more person? |
| （可否請你擠一擠以便我們多載一個人？） |
| 在此，副詞子句的部份可以改成不定詞。 |
| ‧You can stand up to / so as to / in order to see better. |
| （你可以站起來以便看得清楚些。） |
| |
| 2. lest ( = so that...not) 以免 |
| ‧Please keep quiet lest we wake up the baby. |
| （請安靜，以免吵醒了寶寶。） |
| lest 本身即為連接詞，子句內可用 should，意思是「萬一」。 |
| |
| 3. for fear that 為了怕 |
| ‧I proofread very slowly for fear that I miss any mistake. |
| （我複閱得很慢，怕會遺漏任何錯誤。） |
| for fear that 可用 lest 代替。上句還可用 for fear of 這個介系詞片語來代換，如下： |
| ‧I proofread very slowly for fear of missing any mistake. |
| |
| 表示「結果」的副詞子句 |
| 1. so...that 非常 / 很……結果 |
| ‧I was so tired that I went to sleep without having supper. |
| （我累到連晚飯都沒吃就睡覺去。） |
| ‧He spoke so softly that I couldn't hear him clearly. |
| （他說話的聲音很小，我聽不清楚。） |
| ‧He is so good a chess player that nobody can beat him. |
| （他棋下得超棒，沒人能贏他。） |
| |
| 由這三句可知： |
| (1)主要句內的 so 後面可接形容詞 (tired) 或副詞 (softly)，亦可接形容詞 + a + |
| 名詞 (such a good chess player)。 |
| (2)so 的中文意思是「很；非常」，在此句型中不可以寫成 very，不少人會弄錯。 |
| |
| 2. such...that 非常 / 很……結果是 |
| ‧He is such a good chess player that nobody can beat him so far. |
| such...that 與 so...that 用法差別在： |
| (1)such 後面接名詞，至於 so 後面接的詞，請看上面 so...that 的句型。 |
| (2)such 後面的名詞可省略，比如： |
| His anger was such that no one dared (to) speak to him. |
| （他如此憤怒，所以沒人敢跟他說話。） |
| so 後面的形容詞不可省略，比如： |
| He was so angry that no one dared (to) speak to him. |
| 所以不可以這樣寫： |
| his anger was so that no one dared to speak to him. |
| |
| 另外，so...that 與 such...that 可以分別寫成 so...as to 和 such...as to， |
| 此點請參考不定詞部份。下面列出兩個例句： |
| ‧How can you be so stupid as to believe his words? |
| （你怎麼會笨到相信他的話？） |
| ‧His comments were such as to anger everyone at the meeting. |
| （他的評論是如此的無禮，觸怒了會議中的每個人。） |
| |
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